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Krishna (; Sanskrit: , ' in IAST, pronounced ) is a Hindu deity, worshipped across many traditions of Hinduism in a variety of different perspectives. Krishna is recognized as the eighth avatar of the God Vishnu or as the Supreme God in other traditions. Krishna is one of the most widely revered and popular of all Hindu deities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/323556/Krishna )〕 Krishna is often described and portrayed as an infant eating butter, a young boy playing a flute as in the ''Bhagavata Purana'', a young man along with Radha or as an elder giving direction and guidance as in the ''Bhagavad Gita''. The stories of Krishna appear across a broad spectrum of Hindu philosophical and theological traditions. They portray him in various perspectives: a god-child, a prankster, a model lover, a divine hero, and the Supreme Being. The principal scriptures discussing Krishna's story are the ''Mahabharata'', the ''Harivamsa'', the ''Bhagavata Purana'', and the ''Vishnu Purana''. Worship of the deity Krishna, either in the form of deity Krishna or in the form of Vasudeva, Bala Krishna or Gopala can be traced to as early as the 4th century BC.〔〔 Worship of Krishna as ''Svayam Bhagavan'', or the supreme being, known as Krishnaism, arose in the Middle Ages in the context of the Bhakti movement. From the 10th century AD, Krishna became a favourite subject in performing arts and regional traditions of devotion developed for forms of Krishna such as Jagannatha in Odisha, Vithoba in Maharashtra and Shrinathji in Rajasthan. Since the 1960s the worship of Krishna has also spread in the Western world and in Africa largely due to the International Society for Krishna Consciousness. ==Names and epithets== (詳細はSanskrit word ', which is primarily an adjective meaning "black", "dark" or "dark blue".〔 *(Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2008 revision) ) *(Apte Sanskrit-English Dictionary ) 〕 The waning moon is called Krishna Paksha, relating to the adjective meaning "darkening".〔 Sometimes it is also translated as "all-attractive", according to members of the Hare Krishna movement. As a name of Vishnu, Krishna is listed as the 57th name in the ''Vishnu Sahasranama''. Based on his name, Krishna is often depicted in murtis as black or blue-skinned. Krishna is also known by various other names, epithets and titles, which reflect his many associations and attributes. Among the most common names are ''Mohnish'' "Attractive God", ''Mohan'' "enchanter", ''Govinda'', "Finder of the cows" or ''Gopala'', "Protector of the cows", which refer to Krishna's childhood in Braj (in present-day Uttar Pradesh). Some of the distinct names may be regionally important; for instance, ''Jagannatha'', a popular incarnation of Puri, Odisha in eastern India.〔 in 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Krishna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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